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Aim: Although bulk fill composites have been widely used as restorative material, there is no consensus regarding the best clinical protocol in terms of composite technique and adhesive system. Therefore, this clinical trial evaluated the clinical performance of bulk fill composites for class I restorations under different protocols. Methods: A randomized clinical trial including 155 class I restorations was conducted using different adhesive systems: conventional technique (phosphoric acid + conventional three-step adhesive system) (Group 1, 2 and 3); or self-etching adhesive system (Groups 4, 5 and 6). Control groups 1 and 4 were restored with conventional composite; groups 2 and 5 with low viscosity bulk fill and conventional composite as occlusal coverage; groups 3 and 6 with high viscosity bulk fill. The FDI criteria was used for clinical evaluation at baseline and after 6 months. Results: All groups showed good clinical performance. At baseline, the adhesive system did not affect postoperative hypersensitivity. After 6 months, group 5 showed a significant reduction in color and translucency; group 6 a reduction in terms of anatomical form and for postoperative sensitivity and an improvement in patient satisfaction (p<0.05). Considering the same restorative technique, the use of the self-etching adhesive system showed a significant decrease in color and translucency (p<0.05). Conclusion: All groups showed favorable clinical performance, and promising results were found for the conventional adhesive system and high viscosity bulk fill protocol
Subject(s)
Phosphoric Acids , Adhesives , Composite Resins , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Esthetics, Dental , Clinical Studies as TopicABSTRACT
Abstract: The study characterizes dental implant surfaces treated with phosphoric acid to assess the effects of acid treatment on blood cells and correlate them with cytokine levels. The implant surfaces examined were divided into untreated metal surface (US; n = 50), metal surface treated with phosphoric acid (ATS; n = 50) and cement surface (CS; n = 50) groups. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rheometry. The implants were incubated with human blood mononuclear cells for 24 h, with surface rinsing in the ATS treatment. Cell viability was determined by colorimetric methods and cytokines in the culture supernatant were quantified using flow cytometry. In the ATS group, the surface porosity and contact surface were increased and plaques were observed on the surface. The blood flow and viscosity curves were similar among the treatments, and the high cell viability rates indicate the biocompatibility of the materials used. An increase in the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α was observed in the ATS and CS groups. There were positive correlations between IL-10 and IL-2 levels and between IL-10 and IL-4 levels in the culture supernatant of the ATS group. The results suggest that implant surface treatment with phosphoric acid activates the production of inflammatory cytokines. The increased cytokine levels can modulate the immune response, thereby improving biofunctional processes and promoting the success of dental implants.
Subject(s)
Humans , Phosphoric Acids/pharmacology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects , Dental Implants , Cytokines/analysis , Dental Materials/pharmacology , Rheology , Surface Properties , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Cell Survival , Cytokines/metabolism , Interleukin-10/analysis , Interleukin-10/metabolism , Dental Cements , Anti-Inflammatory AgentsABSTRACT
Phosphoric acid has been suggested as an irrigant due to its effectiveness in removing the smear layer. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of a 37% phosphoric acid solution to other irrigants commonly used in endodontics. Material and Methods : The substances 37% phosphoric acid, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 2% chlorhexidine (solution and gel), and 5.25% NaOCl were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces meyeri, Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella nigrescens according to the agar diffusion method. The cytotoxicity of the irrigants was determined by using the MTT assay. Results : Phosphoric acid presented higher antimicrobial activity compared to the other tested irrigants. With regard to the cell viability, this solution showed results similar to those with 5.25% NaOCl and 2% chlorhexidine (gel and solution), whereas 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid showed higher cell viability compared to other irrigants. Conclusion : Phosphoric acid demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity similar to that of 5.25% NaOCl and 2% chlorhexidine (gel and solution). .
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Burns/etiology , Hyperbaric Oxygenation/methods , Iridium/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Radiation Injuries/therapy , Burns/physiopathology , Burns/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Hand Injuries/diagnosis , Hand Injuries/therapy , Injury Severity Score , Occupational Health , Radiation Injuries/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome , Wound Healing/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the predictive value of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) and adiponectin after coronary stent implantation .Methods Fifty patients confirmed by coronary angiography with in‐stent restenosis were selected as in‐stent resteno‐sis group while 50 patients without in‐stent restenosis were chose as control group .All cases were detected with the density of their serum S1P ,HDL‐S1P ,adiponectin and IL‐18 and analyzed relevance to in‐stent restenosis .Results Compared with the control group ,serum S1P in in‐stent restenosis group were lower [ (96 .10 ± 26 .33)ng/mL vs .(113 .40 ± 32 .72)ng/mL ,P0 .05] .Adiponectin showed a positive correlation between S1P (r=0 .712 , P<0 .05) and HDL‐S1P (r=0 .821 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion S1P and adiponectin could be independent predictive factor of coronary stent restenosis ,and high concentrations of S1P and adiponectin may reduce risk of in‐stent restenosis in patients with stenting per‐cutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .
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Objective To study the mechanism of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) protecting liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and explore the hemeoxygenase-1-carbon monoxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (HO-1-CO-cGMP) pathway whether involved in MPLA enhance calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) releasing or not. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, sham-operated group, hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group, MPLA low, medium and high dose groups (hepatic ischemia-reperfusion + MPLA0. 2,0. 5,1.0 mg/ kg). Hepatic isehemia-reperfusion model was constructed, followed by observation of cell ultrastructure through electron microscope. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and liver tissue levels of CO were determined. HO-1 expression in liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemic, CGRP, eGMP concentration in liver tissue was detected by RIA assay. Results Compared with hepatic isehemia-reperfusion group, the cell damage in MPLA group were relatively minor, and ALT, AST, LDH were significantly decreased (P <0.05), while HO-1, CO, cGMP, CGRP levels were signifi-cantly increased (P < 0.05). HO-1 and CO, CO and cGMP, cGMP and CGRP were obviously positive correlated (P <0.05). Conclu-sion MPLA enhanced CGRP synthesis and release through HO-1-CO-cGMP pathway in liver ischemia / reperfusion, which may be one of the mechanisms of MPLA reducing hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat.
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Objective To establish a method for detecting K-rag gene point mutation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on the pyrosequencing and to compare its performance with that of Sanger sequencing.Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded pancreatic tissues including 49 pancreatic adenocarcinoma,10 normal pancreas,11 chronic pancreatitis,18 benign pancreatic tumor,7 insulin carcinoma,9 ampullary carcinoma,7 bile duct carcinoma and 7 duodenum papillary adenocarcinoma tissues.K-rag gene point mutations at codon 12 were analyzed by pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing,respectively.Results No mutant K-ras gene Wag detected in normal pancreas,chronic pancreatitis,benign pancreatic tumor,insulin carcinoma,ampullary carcinoma,bile duct carcinoma and duodenum papillary adenocarcinoma tissues by either pyrosequencing or Sanger sequencing.K-rag gene point mutation was detection rate in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues was 71.4%(35/49)by pyrosequencing and 61.2%(30/49)by Sanger sequencing,respectively.Conclusions Pyrosequencing is more sensitive than Sanger sequencing and is also accurate,rapid and of high throushput in detecting mutant K-ras gene.It may serve as a practical method for fast batch analysis of clinical samples.
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Objective To develop a clinically useful assay for detecting the mutations of HBV pre-C/BCP based on the pyrosequencing and accuracy, reproducibility and reliability of this assay was evaluated. Methods The pyrosequencing primers for HBV pre-C/BCP mutation were designed through the cluster analysis among one hundred HBV gene sequences. After the amplification of the fragment of pre-C/BCP with the template of pre-C/BCP mutation plasmids, the pyrosequencing method for pre-C/BCP detection was initially set up with this standard sample. The accuracy, reliability and reproducibility of the pre-C/BCP pyrosequencing were confirmed through the pre-C/BCP plasmids as a standard sample when compared with Sanger/genechip sequencing method pre-C/BCP pyrosequencing assay was applied for detecting pre-C/BCP mutation types of 60 chnical serum samples in HBV patients. Results The pre-C/BCP mutation detection assay based on pyrosequencing has been established in our study. The coincidence rate between pyrosequencing and Sanger squencing was 100%. The coincidence rate between the result of pyrosequencing and of genechip method was 91.7%. The reproducibility of this assay was 97. 8%. It indicates the pre-C/BCP pyrosequencing is a high-accurate method with, good-reproducibility and high-reliability. And multi-site detection can be achieved by pyrosequencing one time. A rare mutation T1758C was also detected. Conclusion Pyrosequencing for pre-C/BCP mutations assay is high-throughout method for simultaneous detection of multi-site mutation.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar pela microscopia eletrônica de varredura, as alterações morfológicas na superfície do esmalte em preparos cavitários classe I. Quando realizado com fresa, sistema de ar abrasivo ou quando feito com sistema de ar abrasivo ou quando a esse é associado o condicionamento ácido. Neste estudo foram empregados 60 terceiros molares, equitativamente distribuídos em três grupos de 20. No grupo A todos os dentes foram preparados com fresa carbide nº 330. Enquanto no grupo B eles foram jateados com AL2O3 (partículas de 27µm e pressão de 80 p.s.i). No último grupo C, os dentes receberam o mesmo tratamento do grupo B associado a condicionamento com ácido fosfórico a 37% durante 60 segundos. Depois deste tratamento as coroas dos dentes foram seccionadas no aparelho de corte ISOMET 1000 (BUEHLER) sob refrigeração, obtendo-se duas hemisuperfícies uma das quais foi escolhida para observação e fotomicrografia por meio do MEV. A análise qualitativa das fotomicrografias nos permitiu concluir que: 1 - superfícies de esmalte obtidas após tratamento com fresa mostram um padrão irregular inapropriado para união direta da resina composta, 2 - superfícies de esmalte tratado com o sistema de ar abrasivo mostraram um padrão inapropriado para união direta da resina composta, 3 - as ocorrências morfológicas na estrutura da superfície de esmalte pré-tratada com sistema de ar abrasivo com partícula de óxido de alumínio associado a condicionamento com ácido fosfórico em gel durante 60 segundos, originaram superfícies de esmalte com padrões tipo II e tipo III, em maior ocorrência do que o padrão tipo I
The aim of this work was the evaluation by SEM (Microscopy electron scanning) of class I enamel surface submitted to carbide bur, abrasive air system or acid conditioning. In the present study 60 molars were utilized, equitably distributed in 3 groups of 20. In group A, all the teeth were prepared with a tungsten carbide bur (nº330). Otherwide, in group B, they were sandblasted with Al2O3 (27 µm particle size and pression equal 80 p.s.i). In the last one, group C, the teeth received the same treatment as group B associated with a 37 % phosphoric and conditioning for 60 seconds. After this procedure, teeth crowns were sectioned by an ISOMET 1000 (BUEHLER) cutting machine under refrigeration. One of the two resulting hemi surfaces was selected for observation and SEM photomicrograph through. The qualitative analysis of photomicrograph we concluded that: 1 - The enamel surfaces that had been treated with carbide burs exhibited an irregular and inappropriate pattern not suit to composite resin direct adhesion, 2 - The enamel surface that had been sandblasted showed an irregular and innapropriate pattern not suit to composite resin direct adhesion, 3 - The morphological changes occurred an the enamel surfaces that had been submitted to abrasive air system and phosphoric acid conditioning produced the prevalence of the patterns II and III of demineralization, in comparison with pattern I